SAFETY COMPLIANCE WITH DISASTER-RISK PROTOCOLS AMONG TOURISM OPERATORS IN DESTINATION CROSS RIVER, NIGERIA

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Published: 2026-06-25
DOI: https://doi.org/10.83374/jesber.vol1no1.13
Keywords:
Nigeria, Cross River State, emergency communication, destination resilience, disaster-risk protocols, tourism operators, safety compliance, Disaster risk management

Main Article Content

Anake, Clement Bekongfe
Department of Hospitality and Tourism Management, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
Abang, Deborah Alice
Department of Hospitality and Tourism Management, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
Igah, Isor Ikara
Department of Hospitality and Tourism Management, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
Orji, Nina Valentine
Department of Hospitality and Tourism Management, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
Ubi, Florence Ini
Department of Hospitality and Tourism Management, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria

Abstract

This study examined safety compliance with disaster-risk protocols among tourism operators in Destination Cross River, Nigeria. A descriptive survey design was adopted, using questionnaire and interview checklist data obtained from 384 respondents drawn from tourism operators, tourism-sector employees and relevant government agencies. Descriptive statistics and analysis of variance were used to assess disaster-risk measures, compliance confidence, communication channels and variation in compliance levels. Findings showed that the main measures provided by authorities were disaster preparedness, prevention and mitigation (42.7%), disaster-risk assessment (27.1%), disaster recovery (16.7%) and disaster-risk reduction (13.5%). Operators reported uneven confidence in compliance and response, with 38% somewhat confident, 30% very confident, 23% not very confident and 9% not confident at all. Social media (37%) and radio/television (28.6%) were the leading emergency communication channels. The ANOVA result showed no significant difference in compliance levels among operators (F = 0.005114, p = 0.945317). The study contributes destination-level evidence on tourism safety governance and recommends stronger training, drills, communication and institutional monitoring.

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Vol. 1 No. 1 (2026)

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How to Cite

SAFETY COMPLIANCE WITH DISASTER-RISK PROTOCOLS AMONG TOURISM OPERATORS IN DESTINATION CROSS RIVER, NIGERIA. (2026). Journal of Enviromental Sciences and Built Environental Research, 1(1), 88-102. https://doi.org/10.83374/jesber.vol1no1.13

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